Improved illuminating apparatus



Patented May 8, 1866.

III/I jlineaaee;

8. 9 319 xiii/AMP.

Iogmpimr. Washington. D. c

UNITED STATES PATENT Orrrcn.

JOHN H. IRWIN, OF CHICAGO, ILLINOIS.

IMPROVED ILLUMINATING APPARATUS.

Specification forming part of Letters Patent No. 54,553, dated May 8, 1866.

To all whom it may concern:

Be it known that I, JOHN H. IRWIN, of the city of Chicago, in the county of (look and State of Illinois, have invented a new and useful Improvement in Illuminating Apparatus; and I do hereby declare and make known that the following is a full, clear, and exact description of the same, reference being had to the accompanying drawings, and the letters and figures marked thereon, which form part of this specification.

My invention relates to an improvement in fixed or stationary lights, as for pendent chandeliers or side lights and other similar purposes wherehydrocarbon or other oils are used as a burning material; and it consists in sup plying to the burners or pointof combustion a constant and uniform current of fresh atmospheric air through suitable pipes properly arranged through the house for that purpose, thus producing a perfect and smokeless combustion without the use of draft-chimneys, while at the same time the pressure of the air expands the flame and gives it the appearance and almost or quite the brilliancy and illumimating powerof a gas-flame.

To enable those skilled in the art to understand how to construct, apply, and use my in vention, I willvproceed to describe the same with particularity, making reference in so doing to the said drawings, in Which Figure 1 represents a side view of my inven tion; Fig. 2, an enlarged sectional view of the chandelier and its attachments 5 Fig. 3, a top or plan view of the same; Fig. 4, a modified formof applying my said improvement Fig. 5, another form, and Figs. 6 and 7 represent sectional and side views of still another form of my invention.

Similar letters of reference in the different figures denote corresponding parts of my said improvement.

In Fig.1is represented a section of a room or house in which myimprovement is applied, A representinga blower or apparatus for prod ueing a current of air through the pipes B, which are arranged in substantially the same manner as ordinary gas-pipes, but may be made of much cheaper material, serving, as they do, only to conduct theatmospheric air to the point desired.

It is obvious that the pipes may be arranged throughout a house, a branch leading-to and discharging at every point where a light is required, as is the case with gas-pipes. For central chandeliers as many horizontal arms or branches may be employed as may be desired.

Around the drop or vertical portion of the pipe B, and just above the said horizontal arms thereof, there is arranged a reservoir, 0, which contains the oil, which is introduced therein through any suitable filling device, as shown at I). From the bottom of said reservoir 0 there extend the horizontal tubes 0, to each branch of the air-pipes, as shown, said tubes 0 entering the air-tubes and turning up therein, and being provided with a flat wick-tube rising to about the level of the oil in the reservoir. Thus the wicks contained in such wicktubes are constantly saturated with the oil from the reservoir, ready to be ignited. The ends of the air -tubes terminate in a cone, which should be removable, provided with an appropriate slot to allow the flame to rise through.

When the burners are lighted and the blowing apparatus set in operation, the current of air is forced steadily to each burner, thus supplying an excess of oxygen and producing a perfect and smokeless combustion, while the flame is forced up through the slot aforesaid and expanded therein, so as to resemble in appearance and brilliancy the flame produced at an ordinary gas-burner.

The wick-tubes aforesaid should be made removable and be provided with suitable wickregulators. The oil-tubes c, and also the airpipes, are provided with suitable stop-cocks conveniently arranged for shutting off both the oil from the reservoir and the air from the burners.

In Fig. 4 is shown a mode of applying my improvement without using a wick or wick tube, the tube 0, in this case, terminating in a retort, (marked R,) from which rises an ordinary gas-burner, (marked d.) The oil is admitted into this chamber R in small quantities, the flow being regulated by a stop-cock in the pipe or tube 0. The air pipe B opens into said chamber It, the end being turned down, as shown, or otherwise. To light up this burner heat is applied to the retort to convert the small portion of oil contained therein into gas, while the air from the pipe B becomes carbureted and is forced by the pressure out at the 2 se ses burner d, where, being ignited, it burns as an ordinary gas-flame. The requisite heat may be kept up by means of the auxiliary tube a,

chamber and keep it heated to the proper temperature, the air passing up around the Wicktube to the point of combustion, and expanding the flame in the slot above, as shown.

Figs. 6 and 7 represent arrangements similar to that last described, the oil-reservoir bea ing arranged beneath the burner, as shown.

The current of air through the pipes may be produced by any suitable device for that purpose, or by the employment of heated air.

Having described the nature and operation of my invention, I will now specify What I claim and desire to secure by Letters Patent:

The combination of the air-pipes B, the oilreservoir 0, and an apparatus for forcing air through said pipes, when constructed and arranged substantially as and for the purpose specified.

Witnesses:

W. E. MARRs, L. L. GOBURN.

JOHN H. IRWIN. 

